Is there such a thing as latent diabetes?

I have a strong family history of diabetes and as I grow older, I understand that there's an increased risk of developing Adult Onset (Type II) diabetes. Is there a threshold that when blood sugar levels reach a certain point, one will develop diabetes? More pressing is the question: Can stress help to trigger or precipitate diabetes? I understand that elevated stress levels can trigger elevated adrenalin levels. Is there a cause and effect relationship between these two factors